It is a test to check the lining of the esophagus (the tube that connects the throat to the stomach), the stomach, and the first part of the small intestine. It is done by means of a flexible video endoscope that is introduced through the throat.

How the test is performed?

You will be given a sedative and an analgesic (pain medicine). You should not feel any pain and you will not remember the procedure either. A local anesthetic may be sprayed into the mouth to inhibit coughing or nausea when the endoscope is inserted. To protect the teeth and endoscope, a mouth guard is inserted and removable dental prosthesis  must be removed.

In most cases, an IV will be inserted into the arm to give you medications during the procedure.

You will be asked to lie on the left side.

After the sedatives is in effect:

• The endoscope is passed through the esophagus to the stomach and duodenum. Air is then introduced through the endoscope to make it easier for the doctor to see.

• The lining of the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum is examined and biopsies (tissue samples seen under the microscope) can be taken through the endoscope.
• Different treatments may be performed, such as stretching or dilating a narrow area of ​​the esophagus.

After the test is completed you will not be able to consume solids or liquids until the gag reflex returns.

The exam lasts approximately 5 to 20 minutes.